City in Spain
Madrid
Madrid is the capital of Spain and its largest city, with 3.5 million registered residents. The UK embassy, an American school and an InterNations expat community are there. [N1] [B1] [U1] [Madrid S1] [I1]
Why it is here
Why Madrid is on the list.
A city is listed when there is evidence that people move there. This is the evidence.
- Madrid had 3,506,730 registered residents at 1 January 2025, far over the 500,000 line for a major metro; Wikipedia calls it the capital and largest city of Spain. [N1] [B1]
- InterNations, a private expat network, runs a Madrid community whose interest groups have thousands of members, for example a Fun&Friends group of 4,290 members from 133 nationalities. The UK keeps its embassy in Madrid. [I1] [U1]
- The American School of Madrid says it has offered an American education to students of all nationalities since 1961 and runs an IB programme. [Madrid S1]
The Fernshore Index
How it grades, factor by factor.
Each grade is against a published measure, with its source and the date we checked it. It is research information, not advice. Where we have no figure, the row says Unknown.
Cost of living
47 of 100MixedCountry figure
Price level 0.645 of United States prices (2025).
Source: Price level index (GDP), Spain. Checked 15 October 2026.
Climate
33 of 100WeakOwn figure
Madrid's own normals (Retiro station): 5 comfortable months a year (April, May, June, September and October); the rest have a high under 18 °C or over 30 °C.
Source: Climate normals 1991–2020, Madrid Retiro (WMO 8222). Checked 15 October 2026.
Safety
66 of 100MixedCountry figure
Global Peace Index 2026: 27th of 163.
Source: Global Peace Index 2026, overall rank. Checked 15 October 2026.
Healthcare
79 of 100StrongCountry figure
WHO UHC service coverage index 84 (2023).
Source: UHC service coverage index (SDG 3.8.1). Checked 15 October 2026.
Schools
UnknownCountry figure
Our research doesn't cover schools yet.
Community
78 of 100StrongCountry figure
Expat Insider 2026 Ease of Settling In: 6th of 31.
Source: Expat Insider 2026: Ease of Settling In. Checked 15 October 2026.
Lifestyle
87 of 100StrongCountry figure
Expat Insider 2026 Quality of Life: 1st of 31.
Source: Expat Insider 2026: Quality of Life. Checked 15 October 2026.
Work and career
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
Strong: both tests hold. The telework visa and the residence permit after it are a route for people who work remotely for companies or clients outside Spain, and fixed broadband is 39.2 per 100 people (2024), over the 30 line.
Source: Telework (digital nomad) visa; Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework); Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people, Spain. Checked 15 October 2026.
Retirement
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
Strong: the non-lucrative residence visa is for people who live on their means without working (400% of the 2026 IPREM, EUR 28,800 a year), and Spanish law gives long-term residence after five continuous years of temporary residence.
Source: Non-working (non-lucrative) residency visa; Real Decreto 1155/2024, articles 61 and 64 (temporary non-lucrative residence); Ley Orgánica 4/2000, article 32 (long-term residence). Checked 15 October 2026.
Internet
88 of 100StrongCountry figure
39.23 fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people (2024).
Source: Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people, Spain. Checked 15 October 2026.
English
60 of 100MixedCountry figure
EF EPI 2025 score 540 (36th of 123), between the 499 and 550 lines.
Source: EF English Proficiency Index 2025: Spain. Checked 15 October 2026.
Visa, United States passport
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
The telework visa lasts up to one year and is followed by a residence permit of up to three years, renewable in two-year periods (Law 14/2013). It needs no job offer from a Spanish employer, has no age minimum and asks for no deposit or investment. The income test is 200% of the 2026 minimum wage, about EUR 2,400 a month (Washington consulate), about US$32,800 a year at the ECB rate of 15 October 2026 (1.1208 US dollars per euro), under the US$60,000 line. To be safe, have more than EUR 2,500 a month. It needs a degree or three years of experience and a foreign employer or clients.
Source: Telework (digital nomad) visa; Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework); Real Decreto 126/2026, minimum wage for 2026; Euro foreign exchange reference rate, US dollar. Checked 15 October 2026.
Visa, Canada passport
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
The telework visa lasts up to one year and is followed by a residence permit of up to three years, renewable in two-year periods (Law 14/2013). It needs no job offer from a Spanish employer, has no age minimum and asks for no deposit or investment. The income test is 200% of the 2026 minimum wage, about EUR 2,400 a month (the figure the Washington consulate prints; Ottawa states only the percentage; a private law firm reads it as about EUR 2,800 a month, about US$38,300 a year), about US$32,800 a year at the ECB rate of 15 October 2026 (1.1208 US dollars per euro), under the US$60,000 line. To be safe, have more than EUR 2,500 a month. It needs a degree or three years of experience and a foreign employer or clients.
Source: Remote work (digital nomad) visa, Ottawa; Telework (digital nomad) visa; Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework); Real Decreto 126/2026, minimum wage for 2026; Euro foreign exchange reference rate, US dollar. Checked 15 October 2026.
Visa, Australia passport
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
The telework visa lasts up to one year and is followed by a residence permit of up to three years, renewable in two-year periods (Law 14/2013). It needs no job offer from a Spanish employer, has no age minimum and asks for no deposit or investment. The income test is 200% of the 2026 minimum wage, about EUR 2,400 a month (the Washington consulate figure for 2026) or about EUR 2,800 a month if Canberra applies the annual minimum wage over 12 months; the Canberra page still shows 2025 figures, about US$32,800 to US$38,300 a year at the ECB rate of 15 October 2026 (1.1208 US dollars per euro), under the US$60,000 line. To be safe, have more than EUR 2,500 a month. It needs a degree or three years of experience and a foreign employer or clients.
Source: Visa for digital nomads, Canberra; Telework (digital nomad) visa; Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework); Real Decreto 126/2026, minimum wage for 2026; Euro foreign exchange reference rate, US dollar. Checked 15 October 2026.
Visa, New Zealand passport
85 of 100StrongCountry figure
The telework visa lasts up to one year and is followed by a residence permit of up to three years, renewable in two-year periods (Law 14/2013). It needs no job offer from a Spanish employer, has no age minimum and asks for no deposit or investment. The income test is 200% of the 2026 minimum wage, about EUR 2,400 a month (the Washington consulate figure for 2026), or about EUR 2,800 if Wellington applies the annual minimum wage over 12 months, about US$32,800 to US$38,300 a year at the ECB rate of 15 October 2026 (1.1208 US dollars per euro), under the US$60,000 line. To be safe, have more than EUR 2,500 a month. It needs a degree or three years of experience and a foreign employer or clients.
Source: Remote work visa, Wellington; Telework (digital nomad) visa; Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework); Real Decreto 126/2026, minimum wage for 2026; Euro foreign exchange reference rate, US dollar. Checked 15 October 2026.
The country
More on Spain.
Questions about Madrid.
Is Madrid expensive to rent in?
One property portal's index put Madrid's average asking rent at €22.40 per m² a month in September 2026, against €14.10 across Spain; on its arithmetic, €1,792 a month for 80 m². That is an average across adverts, not a quote. Other Madrid living costs are unknown.
What is the weather like in Madrid?
Madrid's average daily highs run from 10.2 °C to 33.3 °C, and no month averages over 150 mm of rain (AEMET normals 1991–2020, Retiro station). Fernshore counts five months a year with a high between 18 and 30 °C: April, May, June, September and October.
How big is Madrid?
Madrid had 3,506,730 registered residents at 1 January 2025 (Municipal Register). That counts the municipality only, not the wider metropolitan area. Wikipedia calls Madrid the capital and largest city of Spain.
Are there international schools in Madrid?
The American School of Madrid says it has offered an American education to students of all nationalities since 1961, and its site lists an IB programme. Fees, places and other schools are not covered by our research yet, so they are unknown.
Does Madrid have a large expat community?
InterNations, a private expat network, runs a Madrid community whose interest groups have thousands of members, for example Fun&Friends with 4,290 members from 133 nationalities. That is a private network's count, not a census. Across Spain, Expat Insider 2026 ranks ease of settling in 6th of 31.
Sources
Where each figure comes from.
Every figure on this page links to the page we read, with the date we checked it.
- [N1] Población por municipios y sexo, Madrid (INE table 2881), Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Padrón. Checked 15 October 2026. Madrid: 3,506,730 registered residents at 1 January 2025 (official population figures from the Municipal Register), the municipality only; read from the INE Tempus API on 15 October 2026.
- [B1] Madrid, Wikipedia (secondary). Checked 15 October 2026. Coordinates 40.4169 N, 3.7033 W from the infobox; described as the capital and largest city of Spain.
- [U1] British Embassy Madrid, UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (GOV.UK). Checked 15 October 2026. Official page: the UK embassy in Spain is in Madrid.
- [Madrid S1] American School of Madrid, American School of Madrid. Checked 15 October 2026. The school's own site: offers an education to students of all nationalities since 1961; lists an IB programme; average IB score of the top 30 percent of the Class of 2024 was 37.9.
- [I1] InterNations expat community: Madrid, InterNations (private expat network, not official). Checked 15 October 2026. Madrid community page: interest groups with thousands of members (Fun&Friends 4,290 members, 133 nationalities; Opera and Classical Music 3,035). The page headline member count equals the Málaga page's, so it is not used.
- [W1] Climate normals 1991–2020, Madrid Retiro (WMO 8222), Agencia Estatal de Meteorología, AEMET (WMO Climate Normals 1991–2020 via NOAA NCEI). Checked 15 October 2026. Mean daily highs 10.2 to 33.3 °C; rain over 150 mm in no month; 5 comfortable months (April, May, June, September, October). Barajas airport (WMO 8221) gives 4.
- [C1] Price level index (GDP), Spain, World Bank. Checked 15 October 2026. 2025: 64.52 (United States = 100), read from the World Bank API on 15 October 2026.
- [Spain S1] Global Peace Index 2026, overall rank, Institute for Economics and Peace. Checked 15 October 2026. Spain ranks 27th of 163 countries (score 1.654).
- [H1] UHC service coverage index (SDG 3.8.1), World Health Organization. Checked 15 October 2026. Spain: 84 out of 100 (2023), read from the WHO Global Health Observatory API on 15 October 2026.
- [Q1] Expat Insider 2026: Ease of Settling In, InterNations (Expat Insider survey, private). Checked 15 October 2026. Spain ranks 6th of 31 countries.
- [Q2] Expat Insider 2026: Quality of Life, InterNations (Expat Insider survey, private). Checked 15 October 2026. Spain ranks 1st of 31 countries.
- [V1] Telework (digital nomad) visa, Consular Section, Embassy of Spain in Washington, D.C.. Checked 15 October 2026. Written for residents of D.C., Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and North Carolina. 2026: SMI EUR 1,221; 200% = EUR 2,442 a month for an applicant alone; remote work for companies outside Spain, up to 20% of professional activity for Spanish clients; degree or three years of experience; no minimum age stated. Used for the US passport and, for the euro figure, for CA, AU and NZ.
- [V5] Ley 14/2013, articles 74 bis to 76 (international telework), Boletín Oficial del Estado (consolidated text). Checked 15 October 2026. Added by Law 28/2022, in force from 23 December 2022. Long-stay visas valid one year (or the length of the authorisation if shorter); residence authorisation for telework valid up to three years, renewable in two-year periods.
- [K2] Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people, Spain, International Telecommunication Union, via the World Bank. Checked 15 October 2026. 2024: 39.23 per 100 people, read from the World Bank API on 15 October 2026.
- [R1] Non-working (non-lucrative) residency visa, Consular Section, Embassy of Spain in Washington, D.C.. Checked 15 October 2026. 2026: annual means of 400% of the IPREM (IPREM EUR 600 a month), EUR 28,800 a year for one applicant; the initial TIE is valid for one year and renewable; no work allowed.
- [R2] Real Decreto 1155/2024, articles 61 and 64 (temporary non-lucrative residence), Boletín Oficial del Estado (consolidated text). Checked 15 October 2026. Temporary residence without work, renewable.
- [R3] Ley Orgánica 4/2000, article 32 (long-term residence), Boletín Oficial del Estado (consolidated text). Checked 15 October 2026. Long-term residence after five continuous years of legal residence.
- [F1] EF English Proficiency Index 2025: Spain, EF Education First (private test-taker index). Checked 15 October 2026. Score 540, 36th of 123 countries and regions, change +2 on the previous score; the 2026 edition was not yet published on 15 October 2026.
- [V6] Real Decreto 126/2026, minimum wage for 2026, Boletín Oficial del Estado. Checked 15 October 2026. EUR 1,221 a month (14 payments), EUR 17,094 a year, from 1 January 2026.
- [V7] Euro foreign exchange reference rate, US dollar, European Central Bank. Checked 15 October 2026. 15 October 2026: 1.1208 US dollars per euro, used to convert the income test; EUR 2,442 x 12 = EUR 29,304 = about US$32,800; EUR 2,849 x 12 = EUR 34,188 = about US$38,300.
- [V2] Remote work (digital nomad) visa, Ottawa, Embassy of Spain in Ottawa (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). Checked 15 October 2026. In Spanish. For Ottawa and Gatineau; elsewhere Toronto or Montreal. Income of 200% of the minimum wage a month, no euro figure; degree or three years of experience; company at least a year old.
- [V3] Visa for digital nomads, Canberra, Embassy of Spain in Australia (consular section). Checked 15 October 2026. Financial means of at least 200% of the monthly minimum wage; the page still shows 2025 figures (minimum wage EUR 1,184 in 14 payments, EUR 1,381.33 over 12).
- [V4] Remote work visa, Wellington, Embassy of Spain in Wellington (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). Checked 15 October 2026. In Spanish. For applicants resident in the Wellington district. Income of 200% of the minimum wage a month, no euro figure; degree or three years of experience.